A skull abnormality that squeezes the lower brain, often causing headaches and other neurological problems, might be part of our genetic inheritance from Neanderthals.
People with Chiari malformations have a smaller and flatter base of the skull around the area where it connects to the spine. As a result, part of the brain – the cerebellum – is squashed into the spinal canal in the neck.
Type 1 Chiari malformations, the mildest form, are thought to affect up to 1 in 100 people. They can cause symptoms like headaches, neck pain, sleep apnoea and numbness, but some people never show signs at all.
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